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CVE-2025-40257 critical CVSS 9.8

Vulnerability in Kernel (CVE-2025-40257)

Summary

Vulnerability in Kernel (CVE-2025-40257). Successful exploitation can lead to full system takeover. Mitigation: upgrade to 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10 or later.

Original description

The description as published by the source.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mptcp: fix a race in mptcp_pm_del_add_timer()

mptcp_pm_del_add_timer() can call sk_stop_timer_sync(sk, &entry->add_timer)
while another might have free entry already, as reported by syzbot.

Add RCU protection to fix this issue.

Also change confusing add_timer variable with stop_timer boolean.

syzbot report:

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __timer_delete_sync+0x372/0x3f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1616
Read of size 4 at addr ffff8880311e4150 by task kworker/1:1/44

CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 44 Comm: kworker/1:1 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)}
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025
Workqueue: events mptcp_worker
Call Trace:

dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]
print_report+0xca/0x240 mm/kasan/report.c:482
kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:595
__timer_delete_sync+0x372/0x3f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1616
sk_stop_timer_sync+0x1b/0x90 net/core/sock.c:3631
mptcp_pm_del_add_timer+0x283/0x310 net/mptcp/pm.c:362
mptcp_incoming_options+0x1357/0x1f60 net/mptcp/options.c:1174
tcp_data_queue+0xca/0x6450 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:5361
tcp_rcv_established+0x1335/0x2670 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:6441
tcp_v4_do_rcv+0x98b/0xbf0 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:1931
tcp_v4_rcv+0x252a/0x2dc0 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:2374
ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0x221/0x440 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:205
ip_local_deliver_f…

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database NVD GitHub Advisory

Auto-generated summary

Assembled by SecPulse from the source data (CVSS, CWE, affected versions) using templates — no AI involved. Check the original description and references below for exact details.

A vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-40257 has been found in Kernel.
Successful exploitation can lead to full system takeover. CVSS score: 9.8/10.
What to do: upgrade Kernel to 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10 or later.
If unsure, ask your IT team or search "Kernel CVE-2025-40257" on the vendor's site.

CVE-2025-40257 (Kernel) — CVSS v3 9.8
Attack vector: remote (network-reachable) / unauthenticated / no user interaction
Patched: 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10 — apply immediately
Plan: 1) Audit SBOM/dependencies, 2) Stage→prod upgrade, 3) Add WAF/proxy monitoring on affected endpoints, 4) Hunt IOCs in logs.
Refs: see the GHSA / vendor advisory / patched release linked on this page.

❓ What is the problem

A vulnerability (unclassified) exists in Kernel.

📍 Affected scope

Check the vendor advisory for the affected versions of Kernel.

🔥 Severity

Severity: Critical (CVSS 9.8/10). Successful exploitation can lead to full system takeover.

🔧 How to fix

Update to 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10.

🛡️ Workaround

Until the patch is applied: disable the affected feature, apply WAF rules, or restrict access via network ACLs.

🔍 Detection

Search webserver/proxy logs for unusual request patterns matching this CVE's known IOCs. Run grep -r 'Kernel' . against your dependency files (package-lock.json, requirements.txt, go.sum) to find affected services.

Response actions

Concrete steps and command examples for SOC/SRE teams to execute in order

  1. 1
    Identify exposure identify 
    grep -r 'Kernel' . | grep -v node_modules

    リポジトリと本番環境の依存ファイル (package-lock.json / requirements.txt / go.sum / Gemfile.lock 等) で Kernel を grep し、稼働しているサービス・バージョンを把握する。

  2. 2
    Apply patch patch 
    Upgrade Kernel to 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10

    ステージング環境で 5.10.247, 5.15.197, 6.1.159, 6.6.118, 6.12.60, 6.17.10 に上げて回帰テスト → 本番反映。回帰テストはアプリの主要ハッピーパスを含めること。

  3. 3
    Post-deployment verification verify 
    Confirm patched version is live in production

    パッチ適用後、ステージングで PoC または同等の悪用パターンを再現して脆弱性が閉じたことを確認。本番ではアクセスログ・WAF でアラート再発が無いか継続監視。

Affected packages

Linux Kernel
[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"5.10.0"},{"fixed":"5.10.247"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"5.11.0"},{"fixed":"5.15.197"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"5.16.0"},{"fixed":"6.1.159"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"6.2.0"},{"fixed":"6.6.118"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"6.7.0"},{"fixed":"6.12.60"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"6.13.0"},{"fixed":"6.17.10"}]}]

Fix status by distribution

Fixed packages published by each distribution for this CVE

References

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