Vulnerability in Kernel (CVE-2025-40150)

Summary

Vulnerability in Kernel (CVE-2025-40150). Risk of unauthorized operations or information disclosure. Mitigation: upgrade to 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3 or later.

Original description

The description as published by the source.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

f2fs: fix to avoid migrating empty section

It reports a bug from device w/ zufs:

F2FS-fs (dm-64): Inconsistent segment (173822) type [1, 0] in SSA and SIT
F2FS-fs (dm-64): Stopped filesystem due to reason: 4

Thread A Thread B

f2fs_expand_inode_data
f2fs_allocate_pinning_section
f2fs_gc_range
do_garbage_collect w/ segno #x
- writepage
- f2fs_allocate_data_block
- new_curseg
- allocate segno #x

The root cause is: fallocate on pinning file may race w/ block allocation
as above, result in do_garbage_collect() from fallocate() may migrate
segment which is just allocated by a log, the log will update segment type
in its in-memory structure, however GC will get segment type from on-disk
SSA block, once segment type changes by log, we can detect such
inconsistency, then shutdown filesystem.

In this case, on-disk SSA shows type of segno #173822 is 1 (SUM_TYPE_NODE),
however segno #173822 was just allocated as data type segment, so in-memory
SIT shows type of segno #173822 is 0 (SUM_TYPE_DATA).

Change as below to fix this issue:

check whether current section is empty before gc
add sanity checks on do_garbage_collect() to avoid any race case, result
in migrating segment used by log.
btw, it fixes misc issue in printed logs: "SSA and SIT" -> "SIT and SSA".

Source: OSV.dev (Open Source Vulnerabilities) NVD OSV

Auto-generated summary

Assembled by SecPulse from the source data (CVSS, CWE, affected versions) using templates — no AI involved. Check the original description and references below for exact details.

A vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-40150 has been found in Kernel.
Risk of unauthorized operations or information disclosure.
What to do: upgrade Kernel to 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3 or later.
If unsure, ask your IT team or search "Kernel CVE-2025-40150" on the vendor's site.

CVE-2025-40150 (Kernel)
Patched: 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3 — apply immediately
Plan: 1) Audit SBOM/dependencies, 2) Stage→prod upgrade, 3) Add WAF/proxy monitoring on affected endpoints, 4) Hunt IOCs in logs.
Refs: see the GHSA / vendor advisory / patched release linked on this page.

❓ What is the problem

A vulnerability (unclassified) exists in Kernel.

📍 Affected scope

Check the vendor advisory for the affected versions of Kernel.

🔥 Severity

Severity: ?. Risk of unauthorized operations or information disclosure.

🔧 How to fix

Update to 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3.

🛡️ Workaround

Until the patch is applied: disable the affected feature, apply WAF rules, or restrict access via network ACLs.

🔍 Detection

Search webserver/proxy logs for unusual request patterns matching this CVE's known IOCs. Run grep -r 'Kernel' . against your dependency files (package-lock.json, requirements.txt, go.sum) to find affected services.

Response actions

Concrete steps and command examples for SOC/SRE teams to execute in order

1
Identify exposure identify
```
grep -r 'Kernel' . | grep -v node_modules
```
リポジトリと本番環境の依存ファイル (package-lock.json / requirements.txt / go.sum / Gemfile.lock 等) で Kernel を grep し、稼働しているサービス・バージョンを把握する。
2
Apply patch patch
```
Upgrade Kernel to 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3
```
ステージング環境で 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.17.3 に上げて回帰テスト → 本番反映。回帰テストはアプリの主要ハッピーパスを含めること。
3
Post-deployment verification verify
```
Confirm patched version is live in production
```
パッチ適用後、ステージングで PoC または同等の悪用パターンを再現して脆弱性が閉じたことを確認。本番ではアクセスログ・WAF でアラート再発が無いか継続監視。

Affected packages

Linux Kernel

[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"6.6.130"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"6.7.0"},{"fixed":"6.12.78"}]},{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"6.9.0"},{"fixed":"6.17.3"}]}]

Fix status by distribution

Fixed packages published by each distribution for this CVE

BellSoft Alpaquita BELL-CVE-2025-40150 linux-lts Fixed in: 6.12.80-r0
Debian DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40150 linux Fixed in: 6.12.85-1
Ubuntu UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40150 linux-hwe-edge